Submission Preparation Checklist

All submissions must meet the following requirements.

• This submission meets the requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
• This submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration.
• All references have been checked for accuracy and completeness.
• All tables and figures have been numbered and labeled.
• Permission has been obtained to publish all photos, datasets and other material provided with this submission.

Submission Process

Manuscripts must be submitted through the journal's online submission system. The corresponding author is responsible for completing the submission, ensuring that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript, uploading any required supplementary materials, and serving as the primary point of contact throughout the editorial and peer-review process, including responding to reviewers' comments and submitting revised versions of the manuscript where required.

Manuscript Preparation

Language

●     Manuscripts must be written in clear and grammatically correct English.

●     Either British or American English may be used; however, the chosen style should be consistent throughout the manuscript.

File Format

●     Submit manuscripts in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx).

●     Figures may be embedded in the manuscript or uploaded separately as high-resolution files.

Page Format

●     Use A4 page size with a 12-point readable font and double line spacing.

●     Continuous line numbering is recommended to facilitate the peer-review process.

 Manuscript Structure

Title of the manuscript

Abstract

Maximum 250 words.

The abstract should briefly describe:

●     Background

●     Objectives

●     Methods

●     Results

●     Conclusions

Keywords: Provide 4–8 keywords.

Main Text

For research articles, organize the manuscript as:

1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions

Alternative structures are acceptable where appropriate.

Acknowledgements

Recognize individuals and organizations who contributed but do not meet authorship criteria.

Funding

clearly identifies all funding agencies.

If none: The authors received no external funding.

Conflict of Interest

Example: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author Contributions

Authors are encouraged to use the CRediT Taxonomy, including roles such as:

●     Conceptualization

●     Methodology

●     Software

●     Investigation

●     Writing – Original Draft

●     Writing – Review & Editing

●     Visualization

●     Supervision

Data Availability Statement

The journal encourages authors to promote transparency and reproducibility by making the research data underlying their findings publicly available whenever possible. Authors should include a Data Availability Statement indicating where the data supporting the study can be accessed or explaining any restrictions on data availability. Where datasets are deposited in a public repository, authors should provide the repository name, persistent identifier (e.g., DOI), and accession number where applicable.

References

Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of all references cited in the manuscript. Initial submissions may be prepared using any widely accepted citation style, provided that the formatting is consistent throughout the manuscript. Upon acceptance, references will be formatted according to the journal's prescribed citation style during the production process. Authors are encouraged to include Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for all references whenever available.

Tables

Tables should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are cited in the text and accompanied by concise, descriptive titles. Each table should be self-explanatory and should complement, rather than duplicate, information presented elsewhere in the manuscript. Tables must be submitted in an editable format and should be placed close to their first citation or provided at the end of the manuscript, as specified by the journal.

Figures

Figures should be of high quality and suitable for publication, with a minimum recommended resolution of 300 dpi. All figures must be clearly labelled, numbered consecutively, and accompanied by informative captions that adequately describe their content. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce any copyrighted figures where required.

Supplementary Materials

Authors may submit supplementary materials that enhance the understanding or reproducibility of their research but are not essential to the main manuscript. These materials may include datasets, software or source code, multimedia files, videos, questionnaires, appendices, detailed methodologies, or other supporting documents. Supplementary files will be published online alongside the accepted article and should be clearly referenced within the manuscript.

Research Ethics

Research involving human participants, animals, or sensitive data must comply with applicable national and international ethical standards. Where ethical approval is required, authors must identify the approving ethics committee or institutional review board and provide the approval number, where applicable. For studies involving human participants, authors should also include a statement confirming that informed consent was obtained in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy

The journal recognizes that artificial intelligence (AI) tools may assist authors in tasks such as language editing, grammar checking, code generation, data analysis, or literature exploration. However, AI systems cannot be credited as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the integrity, originality, or accountability of scholarly work. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, authenticity, and ethical integrity of all submitted content. Any significant use of AI tools in the preparation of the manuscript should be transparently disclosed in the appropriate section of the manuscript.  {AI Disclosure Staement from COPE}

 Plagiarism Policy

The journal maintains a zero-tolerance policy towards plagiarism and other forms of academic misconduct. All submitted manuscripts are screened using plagiarism detection software before entering the peer-review process. Manuscripts found to contain plagiarism, duplicate publication, fabricated or falsified data, manipulated images, or other unethical practices may be rejected immediately, and appropriate actions may be taken in accordance with the journal's publication ethics policy.

Copyright and Licensing

Authors retain the copyright of their published work. Upon publication, articles are made freely available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, unless otherwise stated. This license permits anyone to read, download, copy, distribute, reproduce, adapt, and build upon the published work for any lawful purpose, provided appropriate credit is given to the original authors and the source, and any modifications are clearly indicated.

 Publication Ethics

The journal follows the principles and recommendations of:

●     Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)

●     Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

●     International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) (where applicable)

●     Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing

Corrections and Retractions

Post-publication changes may include:

●     Correction

●     Corrigendum

●     Erratum

●     Expression of Concern

●     Retraction

These actions will follow internationally accepted publication ethics guidelines.

Appeals and Complaints

Authors may appeal editorial decisions by submitting a detailed justification to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals are reviewed independently.

Archiving and Preservation

The journal is committed to the long-term preservation and accessibility of published content through recognized digital archiving services and persistent identifiers.